KNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF CROP FARMERS ON FOOD SAFETY PRACTICES IN OGBOMOSO AGRICULTURAL ZONE OF OYO STATE NIGERIA

Abstract

The study assessed crop farmers’ knowledge of food safety practices in Ogbomoso Agricultural zone of Oyo State, Nigeria. It specifically examined farmers’ socio-economic characteristics, production practices associated with food safety risks, information sources as well as barriers to adoption of the food safety practices. Data were collected from 144 crop farmers using structured interviews and analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean) and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) to test relationships. Findings showed a mean age of 47 years and an average household size of nine persons. A large proportion (75%) lacked access to health extension workers, indicating weak institutional support. Key risky practices included drying crops on bare ground, use of untreated animal manure, and use of contaminated water. Major information sources were mass media channels such as radio drama, SMS, and television, while formal extension agents, NGOs, and religious organizations were less frequently accessed. Overall, respondents demonstrated relatively high knowledge of safe post-harvest handling, storage, and appropriate agrochemical use. However, adoption of the food safety practices was constrained by mistrust of modern food safety practices, financial limitations, and cultural traditions. Poor adherence to food safety was reported to negatively affect productivity, income, and social relations. Significant positive relationships were found between food safety knowledge and age (r = 0.363, p = 0.002), education (r = 0.507, p < 0.001), and household size (r = 0.484, p < 0.001). The study concludes that despite relatively high knowledge levels, structural and institutional gaps particularly limited extension services hinder effective food safety practice adoption. The study recommended strengthening agricultural and health extension services to provide continuous training on Good Agricultural Practices (GAP), safe use of agrochemicals, and improved water and post-harvest handling practices.