Transforming Urban Balconies into Sustainable Production Spaces: Data-Driven Modular Design and Organic Food Cultivation

Abstract

Rapid urbanization and the decreasing availability of green spaces have weakened individuals’ connection with nature, negatively affecting quality of life. In this context, balconies represent one of the most accessible micro-spaces for reconnecting with nature in urban dwellings, yet they are often underutilized. This study aims to demonstrate how balconies can be transformed into productive spaces through a sustainability-oriented approach and to develop a data-driven modular design proposal based on user needs. A survey was conducted with 462 participants across seven geographical regions, analyzing usage habits, functional needs, psychological and social effects, and behavioral tendencies. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate relationships between variables. Findings indicate that balconies are frequently used and there is a strong demand for increased functionality. Balconies contribute significantly to psychological relaxation, connection with nature, and improved well-being. Women showed higher engagement in plant cultivation, and increased usage frequency corresponded with higher functional expectations. Regional differences also influenced usage patterns. Based on these findings, a modular balcony design integrating planting, storage, seating, and social functions is proposed. The study concludes that balconies can be transformed into productive, sustainable, and user-centered spaces, offering an innovative contribution to urban housing design.